Analysis of the physiological responses of Pacific abalone ( <i>Haliotis discus hannai</i> ) to various stressors to identify a suitable stress indicator

The Pacific abalone (Haliotis discus hannai) is the most economically valuable shellfish species in Northeast Asia, accounting for of production South Korea. Despite continuous improvement productivity domestic aquaculture, rapid seawater temperature changes caused by global warming have led to mass mortality coastal farms. Therefore, research on environmental stressors urgently needed prevent losses. This study analyzed expression heat shock protein (HSP) genes foot muscles H. hannai and metabolic parameters including glucose, lysozyme, catalase, D-lactate, trehalose levels hemolymph under acute high temperature, low salinity, air exposure. Quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that HSP20 was downregulated all experimental groups, whereas HSP70 increased immediately groups except low-temperature stress group. Hemolymph glucose lysozyme significantly after treatment decreased during recovery period. Together, results indicate water had smallest effect among treatments. We conclude other treatments acted as HSP genes, can be used indicators hannai.